Cardiology

ECG - instrumental diagnostic method used in various heart diseases. The procedure is based on the study of the electrophysiological functioning of the heart. It is based on the registration and graphical representation of the potential difference that occurs during myocardial contraction.

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Coronary heart disease is a formidable disease, from which 700 thousand patients die in Russia every year. Mostly men aged 55 to 65 years suffer from pathology. An untreated illness, or the late initiation of its therapy, can lead to disability, or even death of the patient.

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Bradycardia is a decrease in heart rate (HR), accompanied by a decrease in heart rate. A pulse is considered normal, ranging from 60 to 90 beats per minute. If a person has a heart rate less than 60 units, then this condition is indicated by the term "bradycardia". Translated from the Greek, it means: bradys - slow and kardia - heart.

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A microstroke or transient ischemic attack is a condition associated with impaired blood circulation in the brain. Arises against the background of oxygen starvation of the brain, and differs from extensive ischemic stroke in that the blood supply to the organ is able to resume independently. But even despite this, such a pathological deviation cannot be ignored, since its consequences can be extremely dangerous.

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Hemophilia is a hereditary blood pathology characterized by an increased tendency to bleeding and slow coagulation of a biological fluid. The factors responsible for blood coagulation are 8 and 9. When mutations of the genes responsible for their coding, hemophilia develops. The blood does not clot at the desired speed, so a person has intense bleeding even after minor injuries.

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Cardiosclerosis is a pathology accompanied by the growth and replacement of myocardial connective tissue with subsequent scarring and impaired functioning of the heart muscle. Such changes can lead to the development of various diseases, or end in death. Cardio sclerosis is most susceptible to the elderly and patients with a history of CVD.

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Heart palpitations, or tachycardia - a condition in which the heart rate (heart rate) reaches 90 beats per minute and above. Such a deviation may have a physiological and pathological etiology, therefore it is necessary to be able to interpret this symptom correctly. So, if tachycardia has become a frequent occurrence, disturbing a person almost daily, then it is time to make an appointment with a cardiologist.

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Endocarditis is a pathological process in which the inner lining of the heart is affected, as well as aortic and cardiac valves. This disease is extremely dangerous not only for health, but also for human life. In case of delayed onset of treatment, the consequences can be most dire, including the development of heart failure, blockage of blood vessels of internal organs and the occurrence of immune diseases.

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Atrial fibrillation is one of the most common forms of heart rhythm disorder. Another name for pathology is atrial fibrillation. In the presence of this disease, a person complains of sudden attacks of tachycardia. At these moments it seems to him that the heart is about to "jump out of the chest." Sometimes other sensations are possible, as if the heart stops for a few seconds, after which it begins to beat with a vengeance.

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Tachycardia is called rapid heartbeat, having any origin. It occurs if the heart rate becomes higher than 100 beats per minute. In this case, the rhythm can remain correct, that is, the duration of the intervals between contractions of the heart is constant. A condition in which an attack of tachycardia begins suddenly and ends just as suddenly is called paroxysmal tachycardia.

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Thrombophlebitis of the lower extremities is an inflammation of the vein with the formation of a blood clot that slows down the blood flow. The disease has very serious consequences, sometimes leading to death. Thrombophlebitis sneaks up quietly and unnoticed, masquerading as minor problems with the legs (moderate pain, slight swelling, redness).

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Angina pectoris is a common heart disease that, when progressed, leads to chronic heart failure and myocardial infarction. Angina pectoris is often seen as a symptom of coronary artery lesions - a sudden pressing pain behind the sternum that occurs on the background of physical exertion or a stressful situation.

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Raynaud's disease - a disease in which the arterial blood supply to the hands or feet is disturbed. The disease is paroxysmal in nature and usually affects symmetrically the upper limbs. Women get sick more often than men. As a rule, Raynaud's syndrome is a secondary phenomenon that develops in various diffuse diseases of the connective tissue (primarily scleroderma), damage to the cervical spine, peripheral nervous system (gangliopitis), endocrine system (hyperthyroidism, diencephalic disorders), digital arteritis, arteriovenous aneurysm, aneurysm and aneurysm, and arteriovenous aneurysm, aneurysm and aneurysm of the cervical spine. neck ribs, with cryoglobulinemia.

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Arrhythmias of the heart - violations of the frequency, rhythm and sequence of contractions of the heart. They can occur with structural changes in the conduction system in diseases of the heart and (or) under the influence of vegetative, endocrine, electrolyte and other metabolic disorders, with intoxication and some medicinal effects.

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Intracranial pressure (ICP) is the pressure inside the skull: in the sinuses of the meninges, in the subarchal and epidural spaces, in the ventricles of the brain. Its fluctuations are associated with impaired circulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in certain parts of the skull, which leads to its accumulation or lack.

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Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a condition in which the volume of blood emitted by the heart decreases for each heartbeat, that is, the pumping function of the heart drops, resulting in organs and tissues lacking oxygen. About 15 million Russians suffer from this disease.

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Atherosclerosis is a dangerous disease that affects the blood vessels of the brain. When it on the inner lining of the arteries are formed foci of cholesterol deposits, they cause a narrowing of the lumen of the vessels up to complete blockage. With a slowly increasing blockage, the symptoms of cerebral arteriosclerosis determine the degree of insufficient blood supply to the brain.

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Varicose veins of the pelvis in women is provoked by such a phenomenon as the re-injection of blood through the ovarian vein, occurring against the background of squeezing of blood vessels. The trigger for the development of the disease is pregnancy, namely the hormonal changes observed during this period and the increasing pressure of the uterus on the pelvic vessels.

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Hemorrhagic stroke - a clinical form of acute cerebrovascular accident (ONMK). In 85% of cases, this form develops in violation of the integrity (rupture) of intracranial vessels. And 15% of hemorrhagic strokes are associated with increased permeability of the vascular wall. According to medical practitioners, hemorrhagic stroke is the most dangerous, severe type of stroke, as it is characterized by a direct rupture of the cerebral vessels and subsequent hemorrhage in the brain tissue.

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If the pressure becomes lower than 100 to 60, doctors call this condition hypotension. At the age of 20 and up to 40 years, this condition is observed in 5-7% of people, regardless of their gender, and in pregnant women the percentage reaches 12. Is it dangerous? Experts say that for many people from this category, the pressure of 90 to 60 should not be considered a dangerous pathology.

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